GHK-Cu 50mg

GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine:Copper(II)) 50mg Lyophilized Powder

Product Specifications

This research-grade compound is synthesized to rigorous standards to ensure consistency in in vitro and animal model applications. The tripeptide possesses a high binding affinity for Cu2+, forming a stable organometallic complex.

Mechanism of Action

The biological efficacy of GHK-Cu is driven by a multi-pathway mechanism of action that intersects structural tissue remodeling and cellular defense systems:

• Copper Ion Delivery: GHK functions as a carrier peptide, facilitating the transport and uptake of copper—an essential trace element—into cells. This targeted delivery supports copper-dependent enzymatic activities and localized angiogenesis.
• MMP Regulation: GHK-Cu modulates the extracellular matrix by directly stimulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (such as MMP-2) while simultaneously upregulating their inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2). This dual action supports controlled matrix turnover and prevents excessive proteolysis.
• TGF-β Modulation: The peptide complex has been shown to modulate the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway. It appears likely that this regulation helps restore normal fibroblast contraction and function, mitigating pathological scar formation.
• Antioxidant Enzyme Upregulation: GHK-Cu protects cells from oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation by upregulating the production of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, most notably superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase.

Research Applications

Given its pleiotropic effects, GHK-Cu is heavily featured in preclinical literature across several domains of regenerative medicine:

• Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Remodeling: Researchers utilize GHK-Cu in fibroblast cultures to quantify the stimulated synthesis of key ECM components, including Type I and Type III collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans (e.g., dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate).
• Wound Healing Models: In experimental animal models (including ischemic and diabetic wound chambers), GHK-Cu has demonstrated the ability to accelerate wound contraction, promote re-epithelialization, and increase blood vessel formation.
• Anti-Fibrotic Studies: Recent investigations highlight GHK-Cu's potential as an anti-fibrotic agent. Studies involving idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) models suggest that the peptide can reverse cellular senescence and induce apoptosis in overactive myofibroblasts, thereby halting persistent collagen deposition.
• Gene Expression Modulation: Microarray analyses have revealed that GHK-Cu functions as a broad epigenetic switch. It is reported to significantly upregulate or downregulate over 4,000 human genes, essentially reverting diseased or aged transcriptomic profiles toward a healthier state.

Preparation, Storage, and Reconstitution

To maintain structural integrity and peptide stability, strict adherence to handling protocols is required:

• Storage (Lyophilized): Vials should be stored at -20°C upon receipt, protected from direct light and moisture.
• Reconstitution: The lyophilized powder is highly soluble in aqueous environments. It is recommended to reconstitute using bacteriostatic water or sterile double-distilled water. Aseptic techniques must be maintained throughout the procedure.
• Storage (Reconstituted): Once in solution, the peptide should be refrigerated at 2–8°C and utilized within 14 to 30 days to prevent degradation. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles must be avoided.

Warning and RUO Disclaimer

WARNING: GHK-Cu 100mg is supplied exclusively as a research chemical. It is strictly designated for in vitro laboratory research and pre-clinical in vivo models conducted by qualified professionals. It is not a drug, food, or cosmetic, and must not be administered to humans or animals under any circumstances. Purchasers assume full liability for the proper handling, application, and disposal of this compound.

Selected PubMed Citations

1. Pickart L, Margolina A. Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(7):1987. PMID: 29986520.
2. Siméon A, Emonard H, Hornebeck W, Maquart FX. The tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by fibroblast cultures. Life Sci. 2000;67(18):2257-2265. PMID: 11045606.
3. Zhang Q, et al. The naturally occurring peptide GHK reverses age-related fibrosis by modulating myofibroblast function. Aging Pathobiol Ther. 2024;6(4):186-190. PMID: 40823151.
4. Maquart FX, et al. In vivo stimulation of connective tissue accumulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ in rat experimental wounds. J Clin Invest. 1993;92(5):2368-2376. PMCID: PMC116842.

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